how much did coal miners get paid in the 1980s how much did coal miners get paid in the 1980s

Wages are shown in yen. This mammoth work lists typical earnings as well as job descriptions and working conditions for thousands of occupations just before the Great Depression. Average weekly earnings of male and female workers in the British cotton industry are shown at four periods of time in 1924. Source: BLS. This series of tables shows the wage distribution and average weekly wages of a variety of industries and occupations in Missouri in 1921. Regardless of what their state government might or might not do to protect them, the miners of West Virginia had to rely on themselves and their buddies, rather than on company fire bosses and state mine inspectors, whose numbers were few and whose visits were infrequent. Typewriters, school supplies, office supplies, fountain pens, more fountain pens, books, drawing sets, home office furniture. Source: Includes district-specific information and the average output of coal per person per shift. Coal loaders at the face depended on mule drivers and motor men to honor the old tradition of a square turna custom through which colliers sought to control output and equalize earning opportunities by ensuring that each miner would receive the same number of cars during a workday, in the words of a mine industry historian. Handkerchiefs, slippers, watches, umbrellas, hair brushes and combs, Christmas decorations. Discussion covers the history of minimum wage legislation in Australia, New Zealand, Great Britain, Canada, South Africa, Mexico, France, Norway, Argentina, Germany, Spain, Switzerland, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Uruguay, Hungary, Poland, Italy, and Rumania (Romania) up to 1928. After a temporary escape to attend grammar school, it was the world he reentered in 1900 as an eighteen-year-old man willing and able to load coal for a miners pay. Aboveground, many miners suffered at the hands of the company men who short-weighed tonnage a man had loaded or docked his pay because slate was found mixed in with the coal. Purchasing power is represented in its equivalence in horses, wheat, the yearly wages of a skilled tradesperson, and others. Source: Quote: "I presume that a fee of $200 would be a pretty fair estimate of the surgeon's charge for operation and the after-treatment between the operation and the death of the patient." Women's: The deal, brokered by. Source: Lists minimum and maximum daily wages for male and female workers. 664. Shows brand names. Wages are shown in Brazilian milreis. Table shows average cost to rent houses by the number of rooms in each of 25 New Zealand cities and towns. It was a dreadful experience Booker T. Washington never forgot. Click "more" for direct links to wages in each occupation. Prices are shown in German marks. Shows family expenditures by category. Source: BLS, Shows the annual earnings of manual and nonmanual workers in Sweden. Miners spent their entire shift underground, taking lunch, drinks, and snacks with them. 1920, Home plans and costs to build in California, 1920, Retail prices of building materials by city, 1922, Building material prices paid by farmers, 1923-1924, Cost to construct houses, by type of material - 1921, Building material prices paid by farmers, 1910-1960, Farm real estate - Average value by state and county, 1920, Price of farm land by county in selected states, 1912-1924, New England farms and land - Average value by county, 1920-1930, Farm real estate values in Midwestern states, 1912-2019, Land in Missouri - Cost to rent or buy by county, 1922, Rents in working class neighborhoods in Cincinnati, 1920, Household heating fuel costs and expenditures by city, 1927, Electricity - Average monthly bill, 1924-1950, Household electricity costs and expenditures by city, 1927, Changes in retail prices of electricity, 1923-38, Car prices with illustrations, 1900-1920s, Gasoline prices andtaxes, and annual consumption per vehicle, 1920-1939, Horse-drawn carriages, buggies and accessories, 1920, Horse and mule prices by state, 1919-1920, City transit fares in NY, PA, OH and MA - 1927, Streetcar, omnibus and subway rates, 1926, Passenger train fare in the U.S., 1871-1933, RR ticket prices between NYC and Chicago, 1910-1944, accessories (diapers, baby bottles, etc. Wages are shown in shillings. Each table spans 2 book pages, and row labels only show on even-numbered pages. Wages are shown in contemporary U.S. dollars. . 1920, Wages by occupation - Manchuria, 1920-1921, Daily and monthly wage earnings - Soviet Union, 1926-1927, Average yearly wages in the Soviet Union, 1929-1932, salaries paid school teachers throughout Russia, seldom exceed 12 rubles per month in late 1923, Agricultural wages - Switzerland in 1914, 1921, 1930, Earnings and prices - Switzerland, 1920-1921, Wages in Great Britain, France and Germany (with addendum for Switzerland), Minimum wage legislation in various countries, Comparative wage rates in the U.S. and in foreign countries, 1927, Wages paid on steamships by country and occupation, 1922, wages paid to Chinese and Lascar (Indian or southeast Asian) employees, Farm family incomes in Wake County, North Carolina - 1926, Foods - Average retail prices over time, 1923-36, Foods - Average retail prices across 39 cities, 1920-1928, corn meal, rice, potatoes, granulated sugar, coffee and tea, onions, navy beans, prunes, raisins, canned salmon, evaporated milk, margarine, lard, oats, corn flakes, wheat cereal, macaroni, canned baked beans, canned corn, canned peas, canned tomatoes, bananas, oranges, Food price averages for each year from 1890-1970, Cigarette, cigar and rolling papers - Los Angeles, 1921, Farm houses in Iowa - Value and size, 1923, Sears homes with costs to build, 1908-1939, Cost of materials to build a Sears home, ca. Wages are shown in French francs. For easier browsing, the information is. Prices shown in marks. Data was originally published in the Industrial Bulletin of the State Department of Labor. Wages are shown in pounds, shillings, and pence. Gasoline cost an average21.7 per gallon in 1929. Source: AAUP report, p. 162. Source: BLS Monthly labor review, Apr 1926, Shows the average retail prices of various foodstuffs throughout Switzerland. View object record Miner's hat, about 1930 Source: Lists costs of running a farm, including costs of power, labor, insurance, interest on loans, etc. When young Frank Keeney walked through a mine portal in 1892, perhaps an older miner, maybe a neighbor, offered him some words of consolation or, at least, instruction as they traveled in and outof the mine on what was known as a man trip. Or he might have heard some words of warning from the older boys who led the mules and coal cars back and forth through the door he tended. Source: BLS, Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Wages are shown in both Chervonetz roubles and contemporary U.S. dollars. Tables are broken down by occupation, sex, and state. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wages and hours of a variety of occupations in Madrid. Union wages by occupation and city, 1922-1928, Women's median wages by state and industry, 1910s-1920s, Cigarette packs - Average retail price by brand, 1929, Average college expenses and tuition by institution, 1928, Family budgets by income group, 1918-1930, https://libraryguides.missouri.edu/pricesandwages, Common labor - Average entrance wage rates, 1926-1934, Union wages by occupation and city, 1920-1921, Steam fitters' and sprinkler fitters' helpers, Structural-iron workers: finishers' helpers, Union wages by occupation and city, 1929-1930, Captains, masters, mates, pilots, and engineers, Maintenance-of-way employees: Gang foremen, Maintenance-of-way employees: Assistant gang foremen, Maintenance-of-way employees: Iron workers, Maintenance-of-way employees: Masons, bricklayers, and plasterers, Maintenance-of-way employees: Section laborers, Maintenance-of-way employees: Crossing and bridge flagmen and gatemen, War and postwar wages, prices, and hours, 1914-23 and 1939-44, Urban Negro weekly earnings by sex and occupational class, 1925, Negro wages by occupation - Chicago, 1920, Teacher salaries by race - North Carolina, 1922, Teacher salaries by race - Texas, 1925-1926, Accountants, auditors, bookkeepers, etc. Wages are shown in Austrian kronen. Source: Source: Canada Department of Labor report. Covers New York City, New Jersey towns, Fall River MA, Cleveland, Chicago, Dallas, San Francisco and Portland OR. Source:Federal Reserve Bank of Saint Louis. This website does a good job of organizing a complex topic. An increase in annual vacation pay was also stipulated.Wage Chronology: Bituminous . Wages shown in contemporary US dollars. Wages on pages34-40. Shows prices by month and year. 412. $180 - $5k. Fixtures, chamberpots, bathroom soaps, towels, toilet paper. Source: page 13 in. From. "A good hotel room costs only $4-5 per day while a hospital charges $6 and $7." In 1927, "$30 per month was taken as the average minimum expenditure for rent in Boston for the [working class] family of four living on the American standard.". Shows the average weekly earnings by industry and occupation. Source: Shows the earnings per hour and week for sawmill workers over a 20 year period. Source: BLS Bulletin no. At dawn, the workers reported to the payroll clerk in the company office, where they were handed numbered brass checks to attach to each coal car they loaded. Separate listings forinspectors, police superintendents, captains, sergeants, privates, etc. Shows the average weekly wages of NY factory workers every month over a 14 year period. Shows wage rates for engineers, conductors, passenger baggage men, coal passers, firemen, switch tenders, hostlers, signalmen, station agents, telegraphers, machinists, car cleaners, and more. Wages are shown in French francs. Shows average value of mortgaged homes, average debt remaining on the mortgages and average interest paid on mortgages annually, for 68 cities of 100,000 or more population. Also shows the averagecost to rent farm landor pastures by the acre, by county. TRANSPORTATION Source: Bulletin #269 of the North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station, "Farm Family Living Among White Owner and Tenant Operators in Wake County," pages 24-28. Check the, Shows the daily rate of Utah coal mining workers in a variety of jobs and occupations. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review, July 1930. Wages are shown in Spanish pesetas. by RACE Since money wage rates of foreign countries have little meaning for economists in America, only the real wage rates are given.", Shows the average hourly and weekly wages of various occupations for both skilled and unskilled laborers. School and office supplies: Boys younger than 12 often worked beside their fathers underground because, in many communities, it was the only paying job available. Stealing another mans coal was considered a terrible crime. A thief could commit this offense easily, simply by removing one miners brass check from his coal car and replacing it with his own; but the miners often detected this kind of trickery and banded together to demand the thiefs termination. A man sometimes had to get down on his hands and knees, with his left shoulder, well padded, against the car, bracing himself with his toes against the ties and the dirt of the floor, wrote a former miner, while his partner controlled the brakes to keep the car from rolling back on the pusher if he slipped or grew tired. Back injuries, broken legs, and severed feet and fingers were common. Coal mining jobs - Hours and earnings, 1919-1933; Coal mining wages by state, 1923 Source: Miners' wages and the cost of coal: an inquiry into the wages system., pp. 90%. Source: the Historian of the U.S. But Appalachian coal production peaked in 1918. Before the 1930s, many boys worked in mines. By 2003 that number had dipped to just 70,000. Source: Missouri State Dept of Agriculture. Discussion puts wage data in context with price levels which were definitely affected by the wars. He also absorbed the habits and traditions that gave pick and shovel miners a remarkable degree of freedom. Covers the states of NH, VT, MA, CT, KY, SC, AL, MO, KS, IA and OH. Source: BLS, Shows the cost of foodstuffs and other necessities in Greece. Careless miners always fail. An experienced miner would often work calmly under conditions that would terrify a novice, wrote a veteran of the bituminous mines. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wages of manual work occupations in Barcelona, Spain. From the Louisiana Department of Labor and Industrial Statistics Biennial Report for 1929-1930. Lists the price of bricks, flooring, framing lumber, rough boards, Portland cement, roofing material, house paint and more. Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Coffee cost an average 47 per pound in 1920. Use the following hyperlinks to see values for AL, AZ, AR, CA, CO, CT, DE, FL, GA, ID, IL, IN IA, KS, KY, LA, ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MS, MO, MT, NE, NV, NH, NJ, NM, NY, NC, ND, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VT, VA, WA, WV, WI, WY. Source: Covers elementary schools and junior high schools in American cities with populations of 2,500 or more. In the late 1800s mining was rough physical labor. Prices are shown in either contemporary US dollars or Chinese coppers. During the early 1900s, roof falls in the bituminous coal mines killed an average of 886 workers every year, as compared with the 274 deaths per year caused by explosions and fires. See answers (2) Best Answer. Shows the daily cost of food, heat, and light for a working family of 4 following independence. Table shows average 1929 and 1931 weekly wages of full-time store employees, managers, and supervisors by kind and size of chain and location. 365-372. Includes breakouts by state, source of income, and more. Firedamp, described as the monster most dreaded by the practical miner, could explode if ignited by sparks or powder blasts, which would send fires raging through mine shafts with hurricane force. Shows starting salary and increases granted based on marital status and number of children. asked the Secretary of State for Employment whether he will publish in the OFFICIAL REPORT as 89W detailed information as may be readily available showing the numbers and groupings of employees in the coal mines working at the surface and face, respectively, whose basic rates of pay on 1st November 1973 were below the national average wage of 42 per week ; and how far . Wages are based on the average weekly full-time positions from large cities. Source: American Druggist, January 1923 issue. The carpenters, mechanics, mule skinners, and other mine employees, who enjoyed no such latitude, were known by pit-face miners as company men. By contrast, the pit-face miners saw themselves as autonomous workmen who labored for themselves as well as for the company. Source: BLS, Shows the average retail prices of food, clothing, and fuel prices in Shanghai. Source: BLS. Also shows average family size in each state. Boys discovered that serious men turned into jokers when they toiled underground. It is not yet available to read online; check your local library for a printed copy. Tells cost of public transportation and railway fares as well. Shows wage data by manufacturing categories for 1914, 1919, 1921, and 1923. Report published in 1923 tells wages by race and by industry. Source: BLS. Wages are listed in Mexican currency with exchange rate for calculating amounts in U.S. dollars. "75 Years of American Finance: A Graphic Presentation 1861-1935" Shows data on the number of nursing school graduates from 1880 to 1929 as well as salary information. This bibliography lists reports that show income, budgets, consumer expenditures, etc. In some cases, when word came around that a miner had been scolded or punished by a boss, workers would gather on a pile of slate to talk about the incident, and the bolder ones with a manly bearing toward the boss would speak up for their fellow worker. Bicycles, binoculars, footballs & basketball supplies, ice skates, athletic gear, boxing, baseball, & tennis supplies, fishing tackle, camping gear, guns. (Click image for detail), Marie Concannon, Government Information Librarian Shows annual salaries for all school personnel in Texas without breakouts for occupation, years of training, years of experience, etc. BookTok is Good, Actually: On the Undersung Joys of a Vast and Multifarious Platform, Seven Crime Novels Centered Around Musicians Out in 2023, Arlington Road: The Conspiracy Thriller That Foresaw the Spread of Far-Right Extremism in America, If you want to laugh, watch this Mitchell and Webb sketch about inviting Shaggy and Scooby Doo to a party, Uncrackable: 5 Films Featuring Devilishly Difficult Heists. Must use "search in this text" feature to navigate. When he lit the fuse, the lead miner hollered, Fire in the hole, and scuttled out of the room with his buddy. By 1910, more Italian immigrants lived in McDowell County than anywhere else in the state. COST OF LIVING Wages are shown in 1931 US dollars. Published 1921. Wage rates by occupation in foreign countries (sometimes just to a certain city in the foreign country), assembled for easy comparison to U.S. wage rates for the same occupations. Source: U.S. Federal Trade Commission report. Even in a good week, there was unpaid work to perform: propping up newly opened rooms with wooden posts, laying track to his room, and lowering the floor of the main tunnel so loaded coal cars could pass through. Coal industry labor strikes were common from the turn of the century up through the 1930s, as were catastrophic workplace injuries and the prevalence of black lung disease. Most of their houses had images of union president John L. Lewis, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and Jesus. Here Are the Best Reviewed Books of the Month. Shows average value for farm land and buildings from 1850-1982. Paragraph below the table describes the weekly earnings of blast furnace workers, smelters, rolling mill operators, and foundry workers in both Pounds Sterling and U.S. Wages are expressed in both foreign currency and dollars. At the far end of the room, the miner lay down on his side and cut under the bottom of the coal face with his pick, inching his way into the cut and hoping the coal was hard enough not to collapse on him. Hourly Rate. Every day his lifes in danger, After undercutting the face, the collier turned the crank on a five-and-a-half-foot-long breast auger and pushed with all his weight to bore a hole high on the face. Describes the labor policy of Canada in the 1920's and throughout the rest of the early 20th century. Using a thin iron needle about the thickness of a pencil, he shoved a cartridge of black powder into the hole and pushed a little clay into the hole with a damper; then he carefullywithdrew the needle and inserted a wick of waxed paper, a squib, that would burn down to the black powder. Shows the average daily wages paid to masons, electricians, bricklayers, bakers, blacksmiths and more. Source: U.S. Dept of Labor, Compares affordability of food and consumer goods from one year to the next and provides price. $20.00 per week. Source: BLS, Shows the wages of a variety of occupations both in and outside of Copenhagen, Denmark. Keep your hand upon the dollar, Nothing was the answer, nothing but the miserable life he and his family endured living inrented shanties hard on the railroad tracks. Shows the average monthly wages of multiple occupation in the Alaskan fishing industry. Source: BLS. Source: Shows the weekly wages of various occupations in Vienna. Source: Chicago Commission on Race Relations report. Also shows rowboat and pack horse rental rates, cost for guided tours, and transportation fares. He later recalled his terror at being lost in a maze of underground rooms when his lamp went out. Source: This source is entirely about compensation of state and local government employees in New York. In West Virginia's colliers, miners were paid 49 cents per ton of clean coal, compared with 76 cents in the unionized mines of Ohio. Source: "Income of Lawyers, 1929-1948" in the August 1949 issue of. Wages are shown in contemporary US dollars. The industry has been in slow decline ever since, compounded along the way by the rise of steam engines, mechanized extraction methods, and competition from oil and natural gas, and now renewable energy. Compares average retail prices for "warehoused" name brand grocery items at independent and chain stores in Cincinnati. Coal diggers gave up some of their hard-earned pay to aid fellow miners when they were sick or injured, and when a mine exploded, they risked their lives to rescue the survivors trapped inside. PRICES in FOREIGN COUNTRIES, WAGES -- GENERAL SOURCES (all occupations and worker types), WAGES in AIRPLANE and AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURING, 1920s. The following is from James Greens The Devil is Here in These Hills. And your eye upon the scale! Source: BLS, Shows the daily wages for various occupations in Tokyo. In 1974, the Environmental Protection Agency commissioned photojournalist Jack Corn to document the plight of the American coal miner in Appalachia. Source: Source: BLS Handbook of Labor Statistics, 1931 edition. Source: U.S. BLS Bulletin, No. The struggle between workers and managers in the workplace played out vividly in the Pennsylvania coal mines. Includes clam, lobster, oyster industries and more. Photographer + writer. Shows average annual expenditure for food, rent, clothing, and medical care per family member. Dining room: Boy's: Prices are shown in Latvian rubles. With industrialization, workers lost control of when to start, eat, and end their day. Source: The tables show pay for employees engaged in the manufacture of automobiles, trucks, car bodies and parts. Then the men and boys would gather their tools and trudge down the mountainside to their little cabins to wash off the coal dust that smudged their faces, necks, arms, and hands, and to sit down for an evening meal. In 1907, West Virginia appointed John Nugent as superintendent of immigration. Patterns for sewing children's clothes, stockings, union suits, toys, bicycles. 467. This was the world Frank Keeney entered as a boy. Source: Table shows 52 years of time-series prices on individual foods, such as. 484. Compares wages in common industries such as building, engineering, shipbuilding, textiles, railway, agriculture, printing, and in pottery. Data is separated by sex and age. Source: Compares 1922 to1940 wage rates for a variety of RR jobs, pp. Children's: Source: BLS Bulletin no. Rompers, night gowns, baby shoes, accessories (diapers, baby bottles, etc. Includes the states of RI, NJ, OH, DE, OK, MO, GA, TN, AR, KY, SC, AL and MS. Full chapter extends from pp. Shows the average weekly and hourly wages of different occupations in the Missouri shoe industry between 1913-1922. Every workingman was supposed to have his turn when it came to getting an empty coal car, because each collier deserved an equal opportunity to get his load to the weigh station. The mine was run by the Japanese, who had occupied the area, along with the rest of the puppet state of Manchukuo, using prisoners of war or poorly-paid Chinese locals as their miners. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wages for workers in different occupations in French coal mines. Source: BLS, Shows the retail price of various foodstuffs and other items in Prague following Czechoslovakian independence. Meanwhile, his wife Mary operated the Nellis boarding house for foreign-born miners. Wages for workers engaged in the manufacture of iron and steel goods, machinery, railway rolling stock, boilers, vehicles, aircraft, electrical apparatus, scientific instruments and more. In the 1920s decade, 8% to 12%of peopleaged18-21enrolled incollege. Report published in 1925 mainly covers wages in manufacturing industries. Farm laborers in Missouri earned an average $41.90/month in 1921. 297. Source: BLS, Shows the average wages of Spanish agricultural workers in different cities. House paints, paint brushes, doors & windows, wrench sets, home improvement tools, steel safes, fencing, garden tools, wrenches & other assorted tools, water pumps, plows, milk cans, gasoline-powered generators. Miners left their pits to fight the attempt of the Thatcher government to close the collieries, break the miners' union and the labour movement in general, and open the way to a free market economy in which deregulated financial capitalism would be set free by the Big Bang of 1986. Source: BLS Monthly labor review, Oct 1927, Shows the average daily wages for 14 different occupations in the Florence district. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wages for various occupations in 6 different industries in Japan. Source: BLS, Shows the earnings over different times for both government employees and manual workers in Hamburg. Wages are shown in Czech krone. Beds and mattresses, bedroom furniture, pillows, bedding. Shows pay for those involved in "1st class New York City productions" including actors of various levels (from chorus to leads) as well as directors, designers, scene painters, stage hands, etc. The strike was officially called to a halt on March the 3rd 1985. There is also a table showing, Shows the value of multiple currencies in US dollars in the years of. Coal powered industrial America. When a miner and his helper approached the entry to their room, danger lurked in almost every move they made. Table 26 shows wages for laborers with board for every year from 1780-1937; the, In the 1920s, people could sell their blood to hospitals for$35-50 perquart. His salary was paid entirely by coal companies. for rural households in the U.S. and selected foreign countries. Data gathered by the National Industrial Conference Board (a group of industry associations) which used European government publications for information. Wages are shown in Finnish marks. Source: BLS, Shows clothes prices paid by working class families in Great Britain. Expressed in dollars and also as a percentage of the property value. Figures expressed in both foreign currency and in dollars. This answer is: Study guides. Lists wages paid to auto mechanics, office workers, window cleaners, barbers and hairdressers, bartenders in saloons, domestic servants, people working in social agencies, and more. Safety sign in eight languages, about 1910. Table 25 shows additional breakouts for skilled and white collar workers by region (. It may be necessary to read the chapters pertaining to the country, but you can find the actual minimum wages in the discussion. Source: One-page table shows 80 years of average retail prices for bread, milk, eggs and other common food items. Coal mining wages - Illinois, 1920. As a rule he is paid so much per car, and a definite number of cars constitute a day's workthe number varying in different minesaveraging from five to seven, equaling from twelve to fifteen tons of coal. Source: This calculator can be used to determine the historical purchasing power of currency in the United Kingdom from 1270 to 2017. Shows the hourly and weekly wages for 12 principal industries throughout Germany. Source: Lists results of 22 studies that show the % of family budget spent in various categories (rent, food, health, etc.). $15 - $30. White familiesspent an average $103.71/yearon medical care around 1928-1931. Compares to national averages. Source: Click "more" for direct links to each occupation. This booklet shows prices for hotels and amenities such astelephone, restaurant meals,haircuts, bath house, etc. over the years. Wages are shown in both Italian lire and contemporary U.S. dollars. Issues of Telephone engineer & management detail rates for telephone service in many states. Acquiring a sense of humor helped mask a workers dread of the mine, but joking was no substitute for learning how to be careful. Religious organizations -Salaries, 1929in. On one hand, the miners discipline and death-defying courage made them ideal industrial soldiers; on the other hand, the qualities the men forged in underground combat with the elementsbravery, fraternal fealty, and group solidarityhardened them for aboveground combat with their employers. Prices are shown in Swiss francs. In West Virginias colliers, miners were paid 49 cents per ton of clean coal, compared with 76 cents in the unionized mines of Ohio. Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. One task was to test for the build-up of flammable methane gas. Few words meant more to mine workers than manliness, a quality that connoted dignity, respectability, defiant egalitarianism, and patriarchal male supremacy, in the words of historian David Montgomery. Source: BLS, Shows the hourly and weekly earnings of industrial wages in Romanian leu. After the Civil War, industrialization meant a nearly limitless demand for anthracite and bituminous coal, and hundreds of thousands of new jobs spurred a population boom in the region, which stretches from western New York state to Alabama. Shows weekly wages for male and female workers in common industries such as textile manufacture and mining, and also more uncommon like ice cream manufacture and hospitality services. MERCHANDISE Wages are shown in Japanese yen. $32k - $76k. Coal companies also recruited in Europe. Workers focused on the pace of work, safety, and wages. Source: BLS. In 1923, there were about 883,000 coal miners; today there are about 53,000. Compares average retail prices for drug-store items at independent stores and chain stores in Cincinnati and Washington DC. Source: BLS, Shows the average price of foodstuffs and other common goods in the federal district of Mexico. MORE PRICES in the U.S. Shows data for unskilled male laborers in each of 13 industries, as well as an overall average.