united states acquisitions and annexations 1857 1904

ed. for $10 million, plus $250,000 annually; ceded to Panama Our narratives register not only the black experience but, moreover, the ways in which the changing position of African Americans drove key episodes in national history. 4 0 obj Thus, in these cases of partial annexation, I use 1803 as the start date for LA, MN, ND, SD, MT, OK, and WY; 1845 as the start date for CO and NM; and 1848 as the start date for AZ. following military victory; $15 million plus 3.25 million in assumed claims, Unincorporated territory claimed under Guano Act of 1856, Unincorporated territory annexed under Guano Act of 1856; 33. On March 1, 1784, just 47 days after the Treaty of Paris granting the United States independence was ratified, Virginia ceded its claims over the area north of the Ohio River to the federal government. Relief shown by hachures. (William B.) But things are changing quickly. United States Acquisitions and Annexations, 1857-1904. In that sense, the overseas colonies are the key to the Greater United States. SHAFR members are now turning with great zeal toward military bases, extraterritoriality agreements, occupation zones, Indian polities, and colonies. Perpetual Foreigners: Chinese Americans and the U.S. With time, Indian Territory was whittled down to Oklahoma. The history of American expansion and the story of our new possessions. Please read and follow the lab r, Internet Research Of 6 Ids And 6 Vulnerability Management And Assessment Tools 1 . But that assumption is becoming increasingly hard to hold. National Wildlife Refuge, Joint occupation with Britain; As the 1898 generation saw, a full history of the Greater United States is not just the story of overseas territories, but also of western ones. Boston, Small, Maynard & company. The zip has the lab results and etc. Gift; Howard Roscoe; 1997. The Greater United States (1904), . ch. At lower right: Atlantic Souvenir for 1829. <>>> 5 In my home city of Chicago, there is a public high school named after him (with an adjoining family learning center for teen parents named after Lolita Lebrn, the chief shooter in the 1954 House shootings). In 1857, the United States began annexing guano islandsuninhabited islands possessing valuable fertilizer. The organization consisted of several groups of adventurers for hire that acted more or less independently under the company's charter. Adding Texas and Vermont to the pool yields an average time-to-statehood of 42 years. Please see attached document for assignments needed. We levelled entire cities with our bombs and shell fire, explained the Philippine High Commissioner. Interior, Leased from Panama for $10 million, plus $250,000 Expansion . For a comparable historiographical concept, see Gary Wilders notion of Greater France in The Imperial Nation-State: Negritude and Colonialism Humanism between the Two World Wars (Chicago, IL, 2005). Zone in Austria (2,650): John D. Hilldring, American Policy in Occupied Areas (Washington, DC: 1947), 24; U.S. 14. sovereign, self-governing republic, United Nations Trust Territory; in 1994 became a The Spanish-American war and A defence of the McKinley administration from attacks of Mr. Carl Schurz and other anti-imperialists. Overseas empire usually appears in textbooks as an episodea single chapter, set in 1898rather than as an enduring feature. Acquisition may refer to: . 16. 31. It is an extraordinary fact about the United States that its western territories became states, parts of the union on an equal footing with older states. It was but one in a long chain of violent acts undertaken by Puerto Rican nationalists under the leadership of Pedro Albizu Campos, arguably the most important domestic opponent of the U.S. empire in the twentieth century. Copyright: H.C. Robertson. Albizu presents something of a puzzle. 13. It is somewhat absurd to compare that figure to the actual number of black people, given the arbitrary and variable nature of race as a social construction (particularly so within the empire). 45. It comes from 189899, when the United States gutted Spains empire, claiming the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam for itself, occupying Cuba, and taking the occasion to annex the non-Spanish lands of Hawaii and American Samoa. Surely its meaningful that the present editors of this journal, Nick Cullather and Anne Foster, are both historians of the Philippines. On Hawaiian statehood in this regard, see Sarah Miller-Davenport, State of the New: Hawaii Statehood and Global Decolonization in American Culture, 19451978 (Ph.D. For full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription. Who was Gregorio Cortez and what happened to him. The first sixteen chiefs of staff, until 1948, all served in the colonies. independent as Republic of the Marshall It would be hard to disagree with the Wisconsin-School assertion that U.S. global power rests on foundations other than territorial control. But what isnt important to the argument is the formal empire. That is because they dramatically expose the gap between the logo map conception of the United States and the larger conception for which I am arguing. If you do factor them in, you start to notice some important features of the war, features often neglected in the telling of it. By its entry into the First World War in 1917, the United States could appear on the global stage as an ideologically anti-colonial force, even though it still held a sizeable empire. The Greater United States is not my term. After thousands of whites poured into the territory, many in breach of federal law, it was eventually admitted as a white-majority state in 1907. o :E>vYs~;+&`]J(g(Ql)u Y!+wZ41Y@5 V5Q Z J&j8jkuJ?uFbccuc(d01 Ey?G78%@E^5p;MlCjRM1 a#j@#(#$5|IW:;&,-~P0m. Also available in digital form. The story of western expansion is, of course, well known. A self-governing state cannot accept . America Acquires Alaska Secretary of State William Seward arranged for the purchase of Alaska from Russia Showed U. S. Imperialism Also made it clear to the rest of the world that the U. S. was becoming a world power. 1. : The Evolution of Territoriality in American Law (Oxford, 2009); and Gerald L. Neuman and Tomiko Brown-Nagin, eds., Reconsidering the Insular Cases: The Past and Future of American Empire (Cambridge, MA, 2015). Like United Kingdom, it applies merely to the central and dominating body, the seat of empire; and Greater America comprises almost as wide a range of governments as Greater Britain itself. 17. 37. Calculated from figures in Franklin K. Van Zandt, Boundaries of the United States and the Several States (Washington, DC, 1966), 26264 and Thomas Donaldson, The Public Domain: Its History, with Statistics (Washington, DC, 1884), 8788. Available also through the Library of Congress Web site as a raster image. Purchase from Mexico following military victory; $15 million plus 3.25 million in assumed claims. diss., University of Michigan, 2011); Peter Bacon Hales on atomic testing on the Bikini atoll in Outside the Gates of Eden: The Dream of America from Hiroshima to Now (Chicago, IL, 2014), ch. A helpful overview of the significance of the colonies for the mainland is Alfred W. McCoy, Francisco A. Scarano, and Courtney Johnson, On the Tropic of Cancer: Transitions and Transformations in the U.S. Imperial State, in McCoy and Scarano, Colonial Crucible , 333. You wont find him anywhere in the Oxford History of the United States , the New Cambridge History of American Foreign Relations , or any of the major textbooksincluding those, like Howard Zinns Peoples History of the United States and James W. Loewens Lies My Teacher Told Me , explicitly designed to give voice to suppressed histories. The territorial acquisitions of the United States, -1904, an historical review. It was entitled Greater United States. 19. 24. Despite his extraordinary career, Albizu doesnt have much of a place in U.S. historiography. 2; Rebecca Lemov on Micronesia as a social scientific laboratory in World as Laboratory: Experiments with Mice, Mazes, and Men (New York, 2005), ch. It is generally held to be an illegal act. 3. 36. They appeared frequently at the front of atlases or as the main maps of the United States in textbooks. The Senate approved the treaty of purchase on April 9; President Andrew Johnson signed the treaty on May 28, and Alaska was formally transferred to the United States on October 18, 1867. 1853. Theodore Friend writes that at least 500,000 Filipinos, 300,000 Japanese, and 40,000 mainlanders were killed in Between Two Empires: The Ordeal of the Philippines, 19291946 (New Haven, CT, 1965), 267. On Indian Territory, alternatively known as Indian Country: Roy Gittinger, The Formation of the State of Oklahoma, 18031906 (Norman, OK, 1939); Francis Paul Prucha, The Great Father: The United States and the American Indians , 2 vols. A different but compatible accounting is offered in David Vine, Base Nation: How U.S. Military Bases Abroad Harm America and the World (New York, 2015). That list includes some of the most written-about figures in U.S. history: John Pershing, George C. Marshall, Douglas MacArthur, and Dwight Eisenhower. 4. Fish and Wildlife Service, Unincorporated territory annexed under Guano Act of The highest office in the U.S. Army is chief of staff, established in 1903. Insular Affairs of the Department of the Interior, Annexed in settlement with Britain and Germany; To occupy a country temporarily is obviously different from annexing it. United States Acquisitions and Annexations, 1857-1904 United States positions (with date of acquiunion) 1047 Spheres of Influence of the United States UNITED STATES 1898 1895 Ishorten L GUATEMAL CARAGUA Guam PANTALLA SOUTH AMERICA N Canal Fone Later L AUSTRALIA PACIFIC OCEAN IN 14 W 10 W IN W analyze this Document (notes) The reason for Oklahomas long period of territorial subjugation is that, for the majority of the nineteenth century, it wasnt Oklahoma but Indian Territory, a legally defined but unorganized all-Indian territory within the United States. In the span of only a few years, the United States had increased its size exponentially with the contentious annexation of Texas in 1845, the 1846 Oregon Treaty with Great Britain for half of the Oregon Country; and acquired California, Nevada, Utah, and parts of Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Wyoming as a result of the Mexican-American War The United States of America, as a name, was accurate for less than seven weeks. One might think its because U.S. historians are exceptionalists and dont pay attention to empire. This intervention eventually brought about changes in the relationships of the United States with Hawaii, Samoa, and China. The Historical Office of the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) dates to 1949. In the rest of the theater, it occurred on December 8th. 52, July 27, 1951, 3; Panama Canal Zone (46): Current Population Reports , Series P-25, No. The problem is not, I hasten to add, a lack of available information. Search for other works by this author on: The Author 2016. 43. Can we say the same about the overseas territories? jurisdiction of Office of Insular Affairs of the Department of the A helpful account of the Wisconsin School is Morgans Into New Territory . We have been so long used to regard the United States as an extent of country reaching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, and bounded on the north by the British possessions and on the south by the Mexican Republic, remarked the Attorney General, that it requires almost a wrench to take us out of our old habits of thought and accustom us to the fact that our domain on the north reaches to within the Arctic Circle; that we have the Sandwich Islands [Hawaii]; that we have the vast Philippine Archipelago. 14, Cartographers, eager to showcase the new dimensions of the country, rushed to publish new maps. They hung on classroom walls. Diplomatic History used to be like that. 6 Although this is strange to contemplate, we are now as chronologically distant from that book as that book was from the Philippine-American War. But historians have come to understand African-American history as central to U.S. history. James R. Blaker, United States Overseas Basing: An Anatomy of the Dilemma (New York, 1990), 33. Even as presidents disavowed territorial conquest, they dropped bombs, seized markets, meddled in foreign politics, and Coca-colonized the world. Histories of the United States are, by and large, histories of the logo map. Gadsden Purchase. Opening to China, A State of Neutrality: State Development and Early American Neutrality, U.S. Art Museums and Exhibition Diplomacy, Cultural Intermediaries and the Sounds of Freedom, About the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations, Receive exclusive offers and updates from Oxford Academic, Copyright 2023 Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations. The United States of America : including all its newly acquired territory. Well before all of the continental territories became states, the United States embarked on a second phase of territorial history: overseas territories. U.S. historians have displayed a tremendous interest in the subject of empire for a long time. annually; ceded to Panama in 1999, Purchased from Denmark for $25 million; currently an Purchase from Mexico following American-Mexican War; $15 million plus 3.25 million in assumed claims. John W. Griggs in The Insular Cases, Comprising the Records, Briefs, and Arguments of Counsel in the Insular Cases of the October Term, 1900, in the Supreme Court of the United States (Washington, DC, 1901), 363. The Hart-Bolton map, published in 1917, was one of the last such maps to appear. Both Hillary Clinton and Rudy Giuliani marched in that parade. Relief shown by hachures. Manua was annexed in 1904, then added to American Samoa. By then, it had reclaimed its Pacific colonies from Japan. It also added to its colonial holdings in 1947 with the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands: technically a trusteeship administered by the United States on behalf of the United Nations, but held under a unique arrangement that allowed the UN almost no effective oversight. In 1960, the non-state population including D.C. was 2.6% and it stayed between 1% and 3% thereafter. Micronesia, United Nations Trust Territory; 1979 self-governing; 1986 "The United States have always protested against the doctrine of international law which permits the subjugation of the weak by the strong. Between 1857 and 1903, the United States acquired many new territorial possessions around the globe. References [ edit] ^ "Milestones: 1801-1829 - Office of the Historian". Yet Williamss school regarded 1898 as symptomatic rather than substantive: the small and visible tip of a much larger imperial iceberg. The books in this collection are in the public domain and are free to use and reuse. Once again, the Greater United States is coming into view. In the past fifty years, the Journal of American History has published one non-review article about the Philippines. https://www.loc.gov/item/04014391/. Mexican Cession. J. Edgar Hoover to Harry Hopkins, July 17, 1943, FBIPR Files, Pedro Albizu Campos, FBI File No. Anthony Rawlings (New York, 1971); Benjamn Torres, Marisa Rosado and Jos Manuel Torres Santiago, eds., Imagen de Pedro Albizu Campos (San Juan, 1973); Rosado, Pedro Albizu Campos ; Laura Meneses de Albizu Campos, Albizu Campos y la Independencia de Puerto Rico (San Juan, 2007); and Nelson A. Denis, War against All Puerto Ricans: Revolution and Terror in Americas Colony (New York, 2015). That is, for perspective, substantially longer than the French possessed Indochina or than King Leopold and Belgium held the Congo. Fifteen years before his famous address to the American Historical Association, the Epic of Greater America, Bolton published a series of classroom maps and an atlas with Albert Bushnell Hart. following military victory; independent in 1946, Annexed following military victory over Spain, Annexed in settlement with Britain 529,189. As one of the justices summarized the logic, the Constitution was the supreme law of the land, but the territories were not part of the land. 20, The result of all thisthe erasure of the colonies from the map, the references to the Greater United States growing scarce, the Courts expulsion of the territories from the landwas the reassertion of an understanding of the United States as a nation-state. organized, unincorporated U.S. territory, Annexed 1922; later airline refueling; currently Imperialism, 19151940 (Chapel Hill, NC, 2001); Laura Briggs, Reproducing Empire: Race, Sex, Science, and U.S. 5. 1856; under the jurisdiction of the U.S. 43 These little Americas wereand arepockets of extraterritorial control scattered throughout the world. Relief shown by hachures and spot heights. The country had claimed scattered military bases before, but in 1945, the United States possessed some 30,000 military installations on 2,000 base sites. The contraction of the basing network is chronicled in Blaker, United States Overseas Basing , chap. 2007-228. 2 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 720 540] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Pdf. 10. McCormick, interview with James G. Morgan, quoted in Morgans Into New Territory: American Historians and the Concept of US Imperialism (Madison, WI, 2014), 76. 39. endobj for $25 million; currently an organized, unincorporated U.S. territory under jurisdiction of Office of Insular Affairs of the Dept. Not in the sense of endorsing the Courts opinion, but in adhering to the Courts understanding about what parts of the United States are in the country and what parts arent. Oregon Territory. But to think of the United States as having an informal empire only would be to miss something important. Indeed, a remarkable feature of the intellectual moment of 1898 was its revision of the history of continental expansion, by which western territories came to be seen as quasi-colonies. The writers who used these terms were, by and large, champions of empire. Cover title. We razed sugar mills and factories. In the end, he concluded, there was nothing left. 35, Although the count of U.S. mainland lives lost in the Second World War is precise to the last digit, counts of the lives of colonized subjects lost are at best informed guesses. 45 But what we are learning is how important those small specks nevertheless are, as they act as staging grounds for precisely the kind of economic, military, and cultural interventions that the Wisconsin School emphasized. But, overall, the overseas territories today contain over four million people. The United States continued to hold colonies after World War II, hence the Puerto Rican Uprising of 1950 and House shooting of 1954. Revolutionary War, Purchased from France for $15 million, including The logo-map silhouette was completed in 1853, with the Gadsden Purchase. DOCUMENT 2 United States Acquisitions and Annexations, 1857-1904DOCUMENT 2 United States Acquisitions and Annexations, 18571904 0 1000 ASIA 1847 1898 1898 '899 thitedStatespssessims (withdate acqus&n) ofinnuee theUnitedStates STATESMidwayis.1867 WakeL 1899 189 1858 1898 How4andt. According to U.S. Bureau of the Census, Reports on Population, Sixteenth Census of the United States: 1940 , vol. They shot five Congressmen, nearly killing one. The country's first and largest territorial acquisition was the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 for $10 million; it nearly doubled the landmass of the original 13 states. stream Soo Sung Cho, Korea in World Politics, 19401950: An Evaluation of American Responsibility (Berkeley, CA, 1967), 23, 34. Arguments for U.S. Not yet. for $5 million in assumed claims under Adams-Ons Treaty, Purchase from Mexico of 1783 following military victory, Purchased from France 22. self-governing commonwealth of the United States, Annexed following Spanish-America War; in 1950 became can i please get some help with this :) Between 1857 and 1903, the United States acquired many new territorial possessions around the globe. Not only was the occupation itself onerous, but the reconquest of those colonies by the United States was extraordinarily violent. Certainly, many inhabitants of the territories have regarded U.S. rule as illegitimate and seen themselves as inhabitants of, for example, the Hawaiian nation rather than of the United States. The Oregon Treaty with Great Britain. in 1999, Purchased from Denmark United States Acquisitions and Annexations 1857-1904. United States--Territorial expansion. The Oregon Treaty with Great Britain. conduct an article review of this chapter, using the format below: 34 Manila, the sixth-largest city in the United States (substantially larger than Boston or Washington, D.C.), was decimated. 1, Number of Inhabitants (Washington, DC: 1942), 12.6% of the population of the Greater United States lived in the overseas territories. Nevertheless, the broad point that the continental and extra-continental populations were roughly equal holds under any reasonable accounting. I have emphasized the United States overseas colonies, places like Puerto Rico and the Philippines. Nevertheless, 8.85% is probably slightly high because, although it does not count black Filipinos and Guamanians (presumably very low numbers in 1940), it classes all non-white Puerto Ricans as black, whereas many were non-black. But it is still a significant figure. The map shows the thirteen original states and the territories acquired in 1783, the Louisiana Purchase from France in 1803, Florida purchased from Spain in 1819, the Texas annexation in 1845, the Oregon Country acquired by the treaty with Great Britain in 1846, the Mexican cession of western territories in . Texas. If California was one end of the spectrum, Oklahoma was the other. The first arc in the history of the Greater United States, concerning western territories, is obviously central to any telling of U.S. history, and has been since at least Frederick Jackson Turners frontier thesis. Six thousand American troops participated in the British occupation of Havana in 1762-3, but the island was exchanged for Florida at the peace treaty of 1763. Vendor: Bernard J. Shapero Books (London) Acquisitions control no. 11 and 29; and William E. Unrau, The Rise and Fall of Indian Country, 18251855 (Lawrence, KS, 2007). Swains Island was annexed in 1925 (occupied since 1856), . Supporters of expansion denied that the United States sought to annex foreign lands. Its not only the Philippines. Though the overseas basing system shrank considerably in the immediate aftermath of the Second World War, the United States held onto hundreds of bases. Fish and Wildlife Service, Purchased from Spain for $20 millon following <> Also available in digital form. At the same time, the Greater United States expanded through occupationsthe Japanese, South Korean, German, and Austrian occupations all extended into the postwar period. Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism, rev. Discovery Channel Program Exercise in Support and Credibility, Minimum 500 Word Article Review Article Is Provided After all, many groups have contested U.S. rule, from Southern confederates to black nationalists. In 1947, the Mariana Islands, Caroline Islands, and Marshall Islands became the most recent U.S. territorial acquisitions, as of August 2021. Neil Smith, American Empire: Roosevelts Geographer and the Prelude to Globalization (Berkeley, CA, 2003), 16. The turn-of-the-century literature: Gilson Willets and Margaret Hamm, Greater America: Heroes, Battles, Camps (New York, 1898); Greater America in Picture and Story: The Army, the Navy, and Our New Possessions (Chicago, IL, 1898); David Jayne Hill, Greater America (Washington, DC: 1898); Great Northern Railway Company, Greater America: A Brief Description of the New Pacific Colonies and How to Reach Them (St. Paul, MN, 1899); Charles Morris, The Greater Republic: A New History of the United States (New York, 1899); Greater America: The Latest Acquired Insular Possessions (Boston: 1900); George Campbell, The Greater United States of America, or, the United States in Destiny (Topeka, KS, 1904); Archibald Ross Colquhoun, Greater America (New York, 1904); Ralph D. Paine, The Greater America (New York, 1907). Nationalism waxed, imperialism waned. The revolt touched eight cities. 27. The territorial acquisitions of the United States, 1787-1904, an historical review, Names Bicknell, Edward. But I do not think that is reason for U.S. historians to exclude the territories from their analyses and stick to the mainland. We destroyed roads, public buildings, and bridges. 33, Furthermore, the Japanese-occupied parts of the United States became a Pacific bloodlands. There has been an accelerating avalanche of high-profile books on U.S. overseas territory, especially the Philippines. Boston, Small, Maynard & company, 1904. Erez Manela, The Wilsonian Moment: Self-Determination and the International Origins of Anticolonial Nationalism (Oxford, 2007). Takeover, the purchase of one company by another; Mergers and acquisitions, transactions in which the ownership of companies or their operating units are transferred or consolidated with other entities; Procurement, finding, agreeing terms and acquiring goods, services or works from an external source; Library acquisitions, department of a library responsible for . Besides the above, see especially Cynthia Enloe, Bananas, Beaches, and Bases: Making Feminist Sense of International Politics (Berkeley, CA, 1990); Katharine H. S. Moon, Sex among Allies: Military Prostitution in U.S.Korea Relations (New York, 1997); McCaffrey, Military Power and Popular Protest ; Maria Hhn, GIs and Frauleins: The German-American Encounter in 1950s West Germany (Chapel Hill, NC, 2002); Ji-Yeon Yuh, Beyond the Shadow of Camptown: Korean Military Brides in America (New York, 2002); Petra Goedde, GIs and Germans: Culture, Gender, and Foreign Relations, 19451959 (New Haven, CT, 2003); Mark L. Gillem, America Town: Building the Outposts of Empire (Minneapolis, MN, 2007); Masumichi S. Inoue, Okinawa and the U.S. Military: Identity Making in the Age of Globalization (New York, 2007); Harvey Neptune, Caliban and the Yankees: Trinidad and the United States Occupation (Chapel Hill, NC, 2007); Steven High, Base Colonies in the Western Hemisphere, 19401967 (New York, 2009); Lipman, Guantnamo ; Lutz, ed., The Bases of Empire ; David Vine, Island of Shame: The Secret History of the U.S Military Base on Diego Garcia (Princeton, NJ, 2009); Maria Hhn and Seungsook Moon, eds., Over There: Living with the U.S. Military Empire from World War Two to the Present (Durham, NC, 2010); Amy Austin Holmes, Social Unrest and American Military Bases in Turkey and Germany since 1945 (Cambridge, 2014); Sasha Davis, The Empires Edge: Militarization, Resistance, and Transcending Hegemony in the Pacific (Athens, GA, 2015); and Vine, Base Nation . 29 Its remarkable, in fact, how many key figures in U.S. history sojourned in the overseas territories. Id like to propose a different unit of analysis, one that counts all of the land over which the United States claims sovereignty as part of the country, and as part of its history. Its not hard to see why book jacket designers are so fond of that trope, as it actually captures a great deal of the argument. Palin herself twice attended Alaska Independence Party conventions. state.gov. - 40. The Library of Congress has accepted an estimate of one million Filipino fatalities, which also circulates in the Philippines. 5 (2015): 927-42, and the more familiar story of Indian reservations. The more states followed Virginias lead, the larger the non-state territory grew. stream of the United States, Geography 20 Albert Bushnell Hart and Herbert E. Bolton, Hart-Bolton History Maps (Chicago, IL, 1917), map A24. We are seeing within the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations (SHAFR) a surge of interest in the many spaces that the United States has controlled outside of its mainland. All instructions are in the template file. The mission of the historical office is to collect, preserve, and present the history of the Office of . Also available in digital form. 11. On December 29, 1845, Texas became the 28th state. $.' For a sustained engagement by a Wisconsin-School historian with formal imperialism, see Walter LaFeber, The Panama Canal: The Crisis in Historical Perspective , rev. United States Acquisitions and Annexations 1857-1904 Other Gains in the Pacific The United States government intervened in other parts of the Pacific at the same time that events played out in the Spanish-American War. Yet annexation did take place. It is tempting to think that the overseas territories can be safely dismissed in this way because they were small and remote. If you have any questions please let me know.! (Lincoln, NE, 1984), esp. <> Annexation of independent republic. Territories with no indigenous populations, such as Wake Island, are listed as unpopulated, although the United States often stationed military outposts on them. After Albizu went to prison, his supporters held a march in Ponce, Puerto Rico, and were gunned down by the police. 26. % 1959, Annexation of independent republic; Statehood 1959, Acquired with Hawaii; under the jurisdiction of the 24 Today, we can add another major form of territorial extension to the story: overseas military bases. It was when the Viet Minh attacked the French air base at Dien Bien Phu, which ultimately pulled the United States into the Vietnam War. In 1857, the United States began annexing guano islandsuninhabited islands possessing valuable fertilizer. If this comes as news to you, youre in good company. United States Acquisitions and Annexations, 1857-1904 United States positions (with date of acquiunion) 1047 Spheres of Influence